But now in Christ Jesus you who once were far off have been brought near by the blood of Christ.
(v13, ESV)
Gentiles used to be far off and separated from God and his covenant with the Jews. However, this is not the case anymore and the Gentiles are now being brought near. The way that they are brought near is by Christ Jesus and by his blood. His death and sacrifice and the shedding of his blood is what allows Gentiles to be brought near to God.
For he himself is our peace, who has made us both one and has broken down in his flesh the dividing wall of hostility
(v14, ESV)
There used to be a distinction between Gentiles and Jews. Jews prided themselves in the fact that they were God's people and the fact that they were circumcised. They distinguished themselves from Gentiles calling them the uncircumcision. However, through Jesus' death and shedding of blood, the dividing wall is no more. There is no longer a separation and distinction between Jews and Gentiles. Jesus is our peace and he is what brings us together.
by abolishing the law of commandments and ordinances, that he might create in himself one new man in place of the two, so making peace, and might reconcile us both to God in one body through the cross, thereby killing the hostility. And he came and preached peace to you who were far off and peace to those who were near. For through him we both have access in one Spirit to the Father.
(v15-18, ESV)
More specifically, Jesus abolished the law of commandments and ordinances. Jews were on the path of salvation by works. However, salvation is not by works, so that no one can boast as Paul mentions in verse 9. Regardless, both Jews and Gentiles are being made into one, all together being reconciled to God through Jesus. This is not merely an act of saving grace towards the Gentiles. God's glorious grace is offered to both Jews and Gentiles. Those far off are the Gentiles and those who were near are the Jews. Even though the Jews were near and had access to the promises of the Old Testament, they still needed saving.
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